On This Day: Thursday June 16, 2005 This is the 167th day of the year, with 198 days remaining in 2005. Fact of the Day: Golf Though the Dutch game of kolf has been claimed as the origin, the first undoubted reference to golf was in 1457 when the Scottish Parliament deplored its popularity, since it took young men away from archery practice. At first, golf was played on seaside links with their crisp turf and natural hazards. Later, play on downs, moorland, and parkland courses began. In the U.S., golf balls and sticks from Scotland arrived in Charleston, South Carolina, in the mid-18th century, but not until the late 1880s did the nation's first permanent courses and country clubs get started, mainly for elite white males. Holidays Feast day of St Cyricus, St Ismael, St Aurelian, St John Francis Regis, Saints Cyr and Julitta, St Benno of Meissen, St Lutgarde, Saints Ferreolus and Ferrutio, and St Tychon of Amathus. South Africa: Youth Day. Events 1567 - Mary, Queen of Scots, was imprisoned in Lochleven Castle in Scotland. 1897 - The government signed a treaty of annexation with Hawaii. 1902 - The Wizard of Oz (play) opened at the Grand Opera House in Chicago. 1903 - Ford Motor Company was incorporated. 1933 - President Roosevelt opened his New Deal recovery program by signing bank, rail, and industry bills and initiating farm aid. 1961 - Soviet ballet dancer Rudolf Nureyev defected to the West while his troupe was in Paris. 1963 - Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space, aboard Vostok 6. 1977 - Leonid Ilich Brezhnev, first secretary of the Soviet Communist Party since 1964, was elected president of the Supreme Soviet. Births 1829 - Geronimo, Apache leader and warrior. 1890 - Stan Laurel (Arthur Stanley Jefferson), actor, comedian. 1917 - Katharine Graham, publisher of the Washington Post. 1937 - Erich Segal, author. 1938 - Joyce Carol Oates, American writer.