Today in History: November 10th
BIRTH OF THE U.S. MARINES CORPS:
November 10, 1775
During the American Revolution, the Continental Congress passes a resolution
stating that "two Battalions of Marines be raised" for service as landing forces
for the recently formed Continental Navy. The resolution, drafted by future U.S.
president John Adams and adopted in Philadelphia, created the Continental
Marines and is now observed as the birth date of the United States Marine
Corps.Serving on land and at sea, the original U.S. Marines distinguished
themselves in a number of important operations during the Revolutionary War. The
first Marine landing on a hostile shore occurred when a force of Marines under
Captain Samuel Nicholas captured New Province Island in the Bahamas from the
British in March 1776. Nicholas was the first commissioned officer in the
Continental Marines and is celebrated as the first Marine commandant. After
American independence was achieved in 1783, the Continental Navy was demobilized
and its Marines disbanded.In the next decade, however, increasing conflict at
sea with Revolutionary France led the U.S. Congress to establish formally the
U.S. Navy in May 1798. Two months later, on July 11, President John Adams signed
the bill establishing the U.S. Marine Corps as a permanent military force under
the jurisdiction of the Department of Navy. U.S. Marines saw action in the
so-called Quasi-War with France and then fought against the Barbary pirates of
North Africa during the first years of the 19th century. Since then, Marines
have participated in all the wars of the United States and in most cases were
the first soldiers to fight. In all, Marines have executed more than 300
landings on foreign shores.Today, there are more than 200,000 active-duty and
reserve Marines, divided into three divisions stationed at Camp Lejeune, North
Carolina; Camp Pendleton, California; and Okinawa, Japan. Each division has one
or more expeditionary units, ready to launch major operations anywhere in the
world on two weeks' notice. Marines expeditionary units are self-sufficient,
with their own tanks, artillery, and air forces. The motto of the service is
Semper Fidelis, meaning "Always Faithful" in Latin.
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MORE GENERAL INTEREST
1928 Hirohito crowned in Japan
1975 Edmund Fitzgerald sinks in Lake Superior
1995 Playwright and activist hanged in Nigeria
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AUTOMOTIVE
1965 Irv The Swerve Born In Northern Ireland
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CIVIL WAR
1865 : Henry Wirz hanged
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COLD WAR
1982 Leonid Brezhnev dies
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CRIME
1926 A necrophiliac serial killer strikes again
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ENTERTAINMENT
1925 Richard Burton born
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LITERARY
1973 Slaughterhouse-Five is burned in North Dakota
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OLD WEST
1808 Osage Indians cede Missouri and Arkansas lands
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VIETNAM WAR
1970 No U.S. combat fatalities reported
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WALL STREET
1988 Battle for the Superconductor
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WORLD WAR II
1942 Germans take Vichy France
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